CATTI分类词汇与高频词汇
社会发展词汇
社会发展类词汇是 CATTI 口笔译考试的高频内容，涵盖民生保障、就业、教育等主题。
民生保障
| 中文 | 英文 |
|---|
| 安居工程 | housing project for low-income families |
| 安居小区 | a neighborhood for low-income families |
| 保障妇女就业权利 | to guarantee women's right to employment |
| 城镇居民最低生活保障 | guarantee of subsistence allowances for urban residents |
| 城镇社会保障体系 | the social security system in urban areas |
| 城镇职工基本医疗保险制度 | the basic medical insurance system for urban employees |
| 工伤保险制度 | the on-job injury insurance system |
| 对口扶贫 | provide poverty alleviation aid to the designated sister regions |
| 单亲家庭 | single parent family |
| 大家庭 | extended family |
| 独生子女 | the only child |
| 岗位培训 | on-job training |
| 定向培训 | training for specific posts |
| 待业人员 | job seekers |
| 待遇优厚的工作 | a well-paid job |
社会管理与改革
| 中文 | 英文 |
|---|
| 补发拖欠的离退休人员养老金 | All back pension entitlements have been paid for the retired |
| 在城镇强制推行社会保险 | Social welfare insurance must be made mandatory in urban areas |
| 创新精神 | be innovation-minded; to have a creative mind |
| 促进学生德智体美全面发展 | ensure that students improve in terms of their moral, intellectual, fitness level and aesthetics |
| 大力推行个人助学信贷 | Personal loans to finance education should be vigorously promoted |
| 大专文凭 | associate degree |
| 代培 | training-on-contract program |
| 带薪分流 | assign redundant civil servants to other jobs while allowing them to retain their original rank and benefits |
| 反对迷信 | be against superstition |
| 福利分房 | buy a benefit-oriented apartment from the organization one works with |
| 干部年轻化 | rejuvenation of cadres |
| 高度重视精神文明建设 | pay close attention to cultural and ethical progress |
| 关系国计民生的大事 | matters vital to national well-being and the people's livelihood |
经济金融词汇
经济金融类词汇在 CATTI 考试中占重要比重，以下为分类精选高频词汇。
宏观经济
| 中文 | 英文 |
|---|
| 不景气 | slump (recession) |
| 二板市场 | the second board market |
| 中国创业板 | China Growth Enterprise Market |
| 首次上市 | IPOs (initial public offering) |
| 市场资本总额 | market capitalization |
| 法人股 | institutional shares |
| 内部股 | private company shares |
| 牛市 | bull market |
| 风险管理 | risk management |
| 信用风险 | credit risk |
| 坚持严格的贷款标准 | maintain strong underwriting standards |
| 第一产业（农业） | agriculture (primary industry) |
| 第二产业（工业） | manufacturing industry (secondary industry) |
| 第三产业（服务业） | service industry (tertiary industry) |
| 主要经济指标 | major economic indicators |
| 宏观经济 | macro economy |
| 互助基金 | mutual fund |
| 扩大内需 | expand domestic demand |
| 改善居民心理预期 | inspire the general public's confidence in the future needs |
| 鼓励增加即期消费 | encourage more immediate consumption |
财政与金融
| 中文 | 英文 |
|---|
| 长期国债 | long-term treasury bonds |
| 支付国债利息 | to service treasury bonds |
| 财政赤字和债务 | deficits and the national debt |
| 按原口径计算 | calculate on the base line |
| 按不变价格计算 | calculate at constant price |
| 按可比价格计算 | calculate at comparable price |
| 列入财政预算支出 | listed in the fiscal budget |
| 结售汇制度 | the system of exchange settlement and sales |
| 按揭贷款 | mortgage loan |
| 按揭购房 | take out a mortgage to buy a house; buy a house on time |
| 按劳分配 | distribution according to one's performance |
| 暗亏 | hidden loss |
| 保税区 | the low-tax, tariff-free zone; bonded area/zone |
| 保证金 | margins, collateral |
| 保值储蓄 | inflation-proof bank savings |
| 边际报酬 | marginal return |
| 边缘科学 | boundary science |
| 变相涨价 | disguised inflation |
| 不良贷款 | non-performing loan |
| 财政收入 | fiscal revenue |
环境保护词汇
环境保护是国际翻译考试的热门话题，以下词汇涵盖环境日主题和国际环保机构。
国际环保机构与文件
| 中文 | 英文 |
|---|
| 21世纪议程 | Agenda 21 |
| 世界环境日 | World Environment Day (June 5th each year) |
| 国际生物多样性日 | International Biodiversity Day (29 December) |
| 世界水日 | World Water Day (22 March) |
| 世界气象日 | World Meteorological Day (23 March) |
| 世界海洋日 | World Oceans Day (8 June) |
| 联合国环境与发展大会 | United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) |
| 环发大会首脑会议 | Summit Session of UNCED |
| 联合国环境规划署 | United Nations Environment Programs (UNEP) |
| 联合国人类居住中心 | UN Center for Human Settlements (UNCHS) |
| 人与生物圈方案 | Man and Biosphere (MAB) Programme |
| 改善人类居住环境最佳范例奖 | Best Practices in Human Settlements Improvement |
| 入选"全球500佳奖" | be elected to the rank of Global 500 Roll of Honor |
环境日主题
| 年份 | 中文主题 | 英文主题 |
|---|
| 2000 | 环境千年—行动起来吧！ | The Environment Millennium - Time to Act! |
| 1999 | 拯救地球就是拯救未来！ | Our Earth - Our Future - Just Save It! |
| 1998 | 为了地球上的生命—拯救我们的海洋! | For Life on Earth - Save Our Seas! |
| 1997 | 为了地球上的生命 | For Life on Earth |
| 1996 | 我们的地球、居住地、家园 | Our Earth, Our Habitat, Our Home |
热门话题词汇
以下为 CATTI 考试中常考的热门话题词汇，涵盖日常生活、社会现象等。
| 中文 | 英文 |
|---|
| AA制 | Dutch treatment; go Dutch |
| B to B (B2B) | business to business |
| B to C (B2C) | business to consumer |
| 艾滋病 | AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) |
| 白色农业 | white agriculture (microbiological agriculture) |
| 白手起家 | starting from scratch |
| 摆架子 | put on airs |
| 拜年 | pay New Year calls or visits |
| 搬迁户 | relocated families |
| 半拉子工程 | uncompleted project |
| 保健食品 | health-care food |
| 便携式电脑 | portable computer; laptop; notebook computer |
| 蹦极 | bungee, bungee jumping |
| 笨鸟先飞 | A slow sparrow should make an early start. |
| 逼上梁山 | be driven to drastic alternatives |
| 比上不足，比下有余 | worse off than some, better off than many |
| 闭门羹 | given cold-shoulder |
| 博彩（业） | lottery industry |
| 博士生 | Ph.D candidate |
| 不打不成交 | No discord, no concord. |
| 不到长城非好汉 | He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man. |
| 不可再生资源 | non-renewable resources |
| 不夜城 | sleepless city, ever-bright city |
| 不正之风 | bad (harmful) practice; unhealthy tendency |
| 擦边球 | edge ball, touch ball |
翻译技巧：热门话题词汇往往带有文化特色，翻译时需注意：
- 能找到英语对应表达的，直接用对应表达（如 AA制 → go Dutch）
- 中国特色词汇如无对应表达，可用解释性翻译（如 白色农业 → white agriculture, microbiological agriculture）
- 谚语俗语需翻译出含义而非字面意思（如 不到长城非好汉 → He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man）
二级笔译高频词汇：政治类
二级笔译考试中政治类词汇比重较大，以下为精选高频政治词汇。
国家制度与政策
| 中文 | 英文 |
|---|
| 一国两制 | One Country, Two Systems |
| 一中一台 | One China, One Taiwan |
| 两岸直接三通 | Three Direct Links (Mail, Air and Shipping Services and Trade) |
| 台湾同胞 | Taiwan Compatriots |
| 两会（人大，政协） | Two Conferences (NPC and CPPCC) |
| 三个代表 | Three Represents |
| 三个代表重要思想 | the Important Thought of Three Represents |
| 南南合作 | South-South Cooperation |
| 南北对话 | North-South Dialog |
| 台独 | Taiwan Independence |
| "引进来"和"走出去"政策 | "Bring In" and "Going Out" |
| 爱国民主人士 | patriotic democratic personages |
| 爱国统一战线 | patriotic united front |
| 爱国主义精神 | patriotism |
| 安居乐业 | live and work in peace and contentment |
| 昂扬向上的精神状态 | an enterprising spirit |
| 澳门特别行政区同胞 | our compatriots in the Macao SAR |
| 霸权主义 | hegemonism |
发展理念与战略
| 中文 | 英文 |
|---|
| 百花齐放 | a hundred flowers blossom |
| 百家争鸣 | a hundred schools of thought contend |
| 博大精深 | extensive and profound |
| 不断提高人民生活水平 | constantly better people's lives |
| 不公正不合理 | unfair and irrational |
| 不合时宜的观念的束缚 | shackles of the outdated notions |
| 不竭动力 | an inexhaustible motive force |
| 不可战胜 | invincible |
| 不可阻挡的历史潮流 | an irresistible trend of history |
| 不迷失方向 | not lose our bearings |
| 采取果断措施 | take resolute measures |
| 参政议政 | participation in and deliberation of state affairs |
| 长期共存 | long-term coexistence |
| 长期社会安定团结 | long-term social stability and solidarity |
| 长治久安 | long-term peace and order |
| 诚实守信 | honesty |
| 充分调动和凝聚 | fully mobilize and rally |
| 初步建立 | take shape initially |
| 传统安全威胁 | traditional threats to security |
| 创造力、凝聚力和战斗力 | creativity, cohesion and fighting capacity |
| 从我国国情出发 | proceed from our national conditions |
| 促进共同发展 | promote common development |
| 促进社会全面进步 | promote all-round social progress |
| 担当重任 | assuming heavy responsibilities |
| 当家作主 | masters of the country |
| 党的基本理论、路线和纲领 | the party's basic theory, line and program |
| 邓小平理论 | Deng Xiaoping theory |
| 第一生产力 | the primary productive force |
| 电子政务 | E-government |
| 调动积极性 | mobilize the initiative |
| 对等的政治实体 | equal political entities |
| 多党合作 | multiparty cooperation |
| 多元化 | diversify |
| 多元社会 | pluralistic society |
二级笔译高频词汇：社会类
| 中文 | 英文 |
|---|
| 安居工程 | housing project for low-income urban residents |
| 按成本要素计算的国民经济总值 | GNP at factor cost |
| 把握大局 | grasp the overall situation |
| 本本主义 | bookishness |
| 本命年 | one's year of birth considered in relation to the 12 Terrestrial Branches |
| 标书 | bidding documents |
| 补缺选举 | by-election |
| 不败记录 | clean record, spotless record |
| 不承诺放弃使用武力 | not undertake to renounce the use of force |
| 不分上下的总统选举结果 | the neck-and-neck presidential election result |
| 步行天桥 | foot bridge |
| 菜篮子工程 | shopping basket project |
| 采取高姿态 | show magnanimity |
CATTI 备考策略：
- 分类记忆：将词汇按主题（政治、经济、文化、环境等）分类，便于系统记忆和考场提取
- 搭配优先：重点记忆固定搭配和词组，而非孤立单词
- 注意中国特色：政治类词汇中大量中国特色表达需准确记忆官方译法
- 结合真题：在真题翻译中检验词汇掌握程度，查漏补缺
- 定期复习：利用遗忘曲线规律，定期回顾已学词汇
易混淆词汇提示：
- slump（不景气，较严重）vs recession（衰退，较温和）
- institutional shares（法人股）vs private company shares（内部股）
- hegemonism（霸权主义）vs hegemony（霸权）
- patriotic democratic personages（爱国民主人士，用 personages 而非 people）
- Three Represents（三个代表，注意 Represent 加 s）